Simple Interest

Simple Interest

M. Velrajan


A. Simple interest at 6 % per annum means that interest per year per 100 is 6. And

after 1 year every 100 becomes 100 + 6 = 106,

after 2 years every 100 becomes 100 + 6 + 6 = 112,

after 3 years every 100 becomes 100 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 118, etc. 


Simple interest for 100 for 3 years at 6% rate of interest 

                                                                                           = 3 × 6

Simple interest for 100 for n years at 6% rate of interest 

                                                                                           = n × 6

Simple interest for 100 for n years at r% rate of interest 

                                                                                          = n × r


B.  If 4 bananas cost rupees 30 then cost of 6 = (30/4) × 6 = 45.

If a == b then c == (b/a) × c = b × c/a = (b × c)/a.


C. Simple interest for the amount 100 for n years at r% rate of interest = n × r 

Hence,  Simple interest for the amount P for n years at 

r% rate of interest = ((n × r) / 100 )× P

                                 = (P× n × r) / 100 


D. After n years the amount P becomes

P + simple interest for P for n years


1. A sum of money at simple rate of interest becomes Rs 2016 in 4 years and

Rs 2286 in 9 years. What is the principal amount?

1. Rs.1800     2. Rs. 1700   3. Rs. 1900      4. Rs.1850

By D., P + 9 years interest = 2286 and

P + 4 years interest = 2016. Hence

Simple interest for 5 years(= 9 - 4) = 2286 - 2016 = 270

Simple interest for 4 years = 270 × 4/5 = 216

The principal amount = 2016 - 216 = 1800     Ans. 1.

 

2. A sum of money doubles in 14 years. In how many years would it triple if the

rate of interest considered as simple?

1. 25 years     2. 28 years    3. 18 years     4. 23 years

Since the sum of money doubles in 14 years, 

14 years simple interest  = principal amount.

Amount triples in 14 + 14 = 28 years.     Ans. 2.

 

3. A man has invested ⅓ of his retirement gratuity at 6 % simple interest, ¼ of his

gratuity at 7% and the rest at 8 % simple interest. If the annual return of these

investments is Rs. 7012.5, find the total amount of gratuity invested by the man.

1. 89000    2. 99000    3. 95000    4. 105000

Let 100 be the total gratuity. Then 

annual return =  ⅓ × 6 + ¼ × 7 + (1 - ⅓ - ¼) × 8

                         = (24 + 21 + 40) / 12 = 85 / 12

                                            (since 1 - ⅓ - ¼ = 5 / 12)

So, 85 / 12 = = 100

7012.5 = = 7012.5 × 100 × 12 / 85 

                  = 84150 × 100 / 85 = 990 × 100 = 99000

Total gratuity = 99000       Ans. 2.

Aliter : Let x × 100 be the total gratuity.

x × ⅓ × 6 + x × ¼ × 7 +(1 - ⅓ - ¼)x × 8 = 7012.5

24 x + 21 x + 40 x = 7012.5 × 12 = 84150

85x = 84150

 x = 990

Total gratuity = 990 × 100 = 99000       Ans. 2.


4. An amount of Rs 8500 becomes 9500 in 3 years time at some simple rate of

interest. How much the amount of Rs 10200 will become in 5 years at the same

rate of simple interest?

1.  Rs. 11800     2. Rs. 12000    3. Rs. 12200    4. Rs 12800

3 years interest for 8500 = 9500 - 8500 = 1000

8500 × 3 == 1000

5 years Interest for 10200 ( : 10200 × 5) == (1000/(8500 × 3))×10200×5

                                            = (1000/(17 × 3)) × 102 = 2000

10200 becomes in 5 years 10200 + 2000 = 12200   Ans. 3.


5. A certain sum of money becomes Rs 1000 in 2 years and Rs 1100 in 4 years at

simple rate of interest. The interest rate per annum is

1. 4 3/7 %    2. 5 5/9 %    3. 7 4/7 %    4. 6 4/9 %

Simple interest for 2 years (= 4 - 2) = 1100 - 1000 = 100

Principal amount = 1000 - 100 = 900.

Simple interest for 1 year = 100/2 = 50

900 == 50

Interest rate ( : 100 == (50/900) × 100 = 50/9 = 5 5/9 %          Ans. 2.


6. A certain principal amount in 2 years at some simple interest becomes Rs 10000

and the same principal amount at the same rate of simple interest becomes 11000

in 3 years. Find the principal and the rate of interest.

1. 9200 and 14 %    2. 8500 and 13.5 %    3. 9000 and 13 %    4. 8000 and 12.5 %

Interest for one (3 - 2) year = 11000 - 10000 = 1000

Interest for 2 years = 2000

Principal = 10000 - 2000 = 8000

Since there is only one answer choice 8000, it is not necessary to calculate the

rate of interest.          Ans. 4.

For completion we find the rate of interest.

For 8000 interest for one year = 1000

Interest rate = (1000/8000) × 100 = 12.5 %


7. A man earns Rs 12,500 as simple interest at 5 % per annum in 5 years. 

Find the principal amount deposited by the man in the bank.

1.Rs 50000    2. Rs 45000    3. Rs 40000    4. Rs 35000

5 years interest for Rs 100 = 5 × 5 = 25

For interest 25 principal = 100

For interest 12500 principal = (100/25) × 12500 = 50000

Ans. 1.


8. If the simple interest on a certain principal amount at 5% per annum for 5 years

is Rs 900 more than the simple Interest on the same principal amount for 4 years at

4% per annum, then find out the principal amount.

1.Rs 9000    2. Rs 10500    3. Rs 10000    4. Rs 12000

Let the principal amount be Rs. 100.

Then 

simple interest at 5% for 5 years - simple interest at 4% for 4 years  

                                                                   = 5 × 5 - 4 × 4 = 25 - 16 = 9

For 9 principal = 100

For 900 principal = (100/9) × 900 = 10000

Aliter :  Let the principal amount be Rs. x

Then simple interest at 5% for 5 years - simple interest at 4% for 4 years

                            = x × 5 × (5/100) - x × 4 × (4/100) 

                            = (25 - 16)(x/100) = 9x/100

Given 9x/100 = 900

x = 100 × 100 = 10000


9. An amount deposited at 5% simple interest becomes Rs 1512 in 4 years.

How much the same amount will become in 2 ½ years at 10% simple interest 

per annum?

1.Rs 1475    2. Rs 1575    3. Rs 1675    4. Rs 1875

We assume that the Principal amount = 100

100 + 5 × 4 = 120 == 1512

100 + 10 × 5/2 = 125 == (1512 / 120) × 125 = 63 × 25 = 1575

Ans. 2

Rs 100 at 4% in 4 years becomes 100 + 5 × 4 = 120

Principal amount = (100/120) × 1512 = 1260

Rs 100 at 10% in 2 ½  years becomes 

100 + 10 × 5/2 = 125

Rs 1260 at 10% in 2 ½  years becomes 

(125/100) × 1260 = 1575

Ans. 2.


10. Simple interest accrued on a certain sum of principal is Rs 1200 in 4 years at

the rate of 8% per annum. What would be the simple interest accrued for thrice that

principal at the rate of 6% per annum in 3 years?

1. 2150    2. 2050    3. 2025    4. 2100

4 × 8 == 1200

3 × 3 × 6 == (1200 / (4 × 8)) × 3 × 3 × 6 = 75 × 27 = 2025   Ans. 3.

Aliter :  Let the principal amount be x. Then

x × 4 × 8/100 = 1200

x = 3750

3x × 3 × 6/100 = 3 × 3750 × 3 × 6/100 = 75 × 27 = 2025


11. Out of Rs. 7000, some amount was lent at 6% per annum and the remaining at

4% per annum. If the total simple interest from both the fractions in 5 years was

Rs.1600, find the sum lent at 6% per annum. 

(1) Rs.5000     (2) Rs.4000   (3) Rs.3000      (4) Rs.2000

Interest for one year from both = 1600/5 = 320

If all the 7000 was lent at 4%, 

interest for one year = 7000 × 4/100 = 280

The difference 320 - 280 = 40 is due to the amount lent at 6%,

which is lent at 6 - 4 = 2% more.

For the difference 2, the sum lent at 6% is 100.

2 == 100

40 == (100/2) × 40 = 2000

Sum lent at 6% = (100/2) × 40 = 2000 

Aliter:  If x is the sum lent at 6% then 

interest from both = x × 6/100 + (7000 - x) × 4/100 

Hence, x × 6/100 + (7000 - x) × 4/100  = 320

6x + 28000 - 4x = 32000

2x = 32000 - 28000 = 4000

x = 2000


12. A sum of Rs. 1,550 was lent partly at 5% and partly at 8% per annum at simple

interest. The total interest received after 3 years was Rs. 300. The ratio of the

money lent at 5% to that lent at 8% is 

(a)5:8          (b)8:5             (c)16:15             (d)31:6

5 + 8, 31 + 6 do not divide 1550, but 16 + 15 divides.  So, Ans. 16:15

Aliter :  Total interest per year = 300/3 = 100

Let x be the amount lent at 5%. Then

x × 5/100 + (1550 - x) × 8/100 = Total interest per year = 100

5x + (1550 - x) × 8 = 100 × 100 

3x = 2400

x = 800, hence the ratio is 800 : 750  :: 16 : 15

Aliter : Total interest per year = 300/3 = 100

If all the 1550 was lent at 5%, 

interest for one year = 1550 × 5/100 = 77.50

The difference 100 - 77.50 = 22.50 is due to the amount lent at 8%, 

which is lent at 8 - 5 = 3% more.

Sum lent at 8% = (100/3) × 22.50 = 100 × 7.50 = 750

Sum lent at 5% = 1550 - 750 = 800

Required ratio is 800 : 750 :: 16 : 15


13. A person invests a certain sum at 6% S.I. and another sum at 7% S.I. 

Income from interest after 2 years is Rs.354. If one fourth of the first sum is the

one fifth of the second sum then the total sum invested is   

a) 2500    b) 2600    c) 2700    d)    2800

14 First sum = 15 second sum 

i.e. First sumSecond sum = 45

The total sum is a multiple of 4 + 5 = 9

From the answer choices given only 2700 is a multiple of 9.  

Aliter :  Interest for one year = 177, 

hence 6x + 7y = 17700 and ¼ x = ⅕ y   i.e. 5x = 4y.

Solving the 2 equations, x = 1200, y = 1500. Total = 1200 + 1500 = 2700.

Aliter :  Interest for one year = 177

Since ¼ of first sum is ⅕ of the second, we assume that the amount invested 

at 6% and 7% be 400 and 500 respectively.

Then the interest for one year = 4 × 6 + 5 × 7 = 59

For interest 59 total sum = 900

59 == 900

177 == 177 × 900/59 = 3 × 900 = 2700.


14. Rs. 800 becomes  Rs. 956 in 3 years at a certain simple rate of interest. If the

rate of interest is increased by 4%, what amount will Rs. 800 become in 3 years?

(a)Rs. 1,020.80          (b)Rs. 1,025             (c)Rs. 1,052             (d)Rs. 1,080.20

Increased interest = 4/100 × 800 × 3 = 96

Amount by increased interest = 956 + 96 = 1052

Aliter : For 100 increased interest for 3 years = 3 × 4 

                                                                              = 12

For 800 increased interest for 3 years = 12 × 8

                                                                 = 96

Amount by increased interest = 956 + 96 = 1052


15. A sum of Rs. 800 amounts to Rs. 920 in 3 years at a simple interest. 

If the interest rate is increased by 3%. What would Rs. 800 amount to?      

(a)950          (b)970                 (c)992                (d)1000

Interest increase = 8 × 3 × 3 = 72, 

Amount = 920 + 72 = 992


16. A sum was put at simple interest at a certain rate for 2 years. Had it been put 

at a 3% higher rate, it would have fetched Rs. 300 more. Find the sum.

(a)Rs. 5,000     (b)Rs. 4,000         (c)Rs. 10,000            (d)Rs. 1,000

Higher interest fetched for one year = 300/2 = 150

Sum = 100/3 × 150 = 5000  

     (Since for 3 amount 100, for 150 = 100/3 × 150)


17. How much time will it take for an amount  2,000 to double at a simple interest

rate 8%    (a)25 ½ years         (b)10 ½ years          (c)8 ½ years         (d)12 ½ years

Amount will double when total interest = principal

For 100 if interest is 8 then year = 1

For 100 if interest is 100 then year = 1008 = 12 ½ years 

18. Amala invests Rs. 6,000 in a bond which gives interest at 4% per annum during

the first year, 5% during the second year, 10% during the third year. 

How much does she get at the end of the third year?

(a)Rs. 7,300    (b)7,007.2      (c)Rs. 7,200     (d)7,207.2

Amount at the end of first year = 4/100 × 6000 + 6000 = 240 + 6000 = 6240

Amount at the end of second year = 5/100 × 6240 + 6240 = 312 + 6240 = 6552

Amount at the end of third year = 10/100 × 6552 + 6552 

                                                       = 655.20 + 6552 = 7207.20


19. A sum becomes 1.6 times of itself in five years at a simple rate of interest. 

Find rate of interest per annum? 

(a) 10%    (b) 12.5%     (c) 15%     (d) 12%     (e) 8.5%

Taking principal 100, 5 years interest = 160 - 100 = 60

Interest rate = one year interest for 100 = 605 = 12


20. The cost of a dining table is Rs. 8,400. A wants to buy it in 10 installments. 

His E.M.I. is Rs. 875. Find the rate of interest?     

(a)3%                (b)5%                 (c)8%           (d)10%

Total repayment = 10 × 875 = 8750

Interest for 10 months = 8750 - 8400 = 350. 

Interest for 12 months = 350 + 70 = 420

Interest rate = (420/8400) × 100 = 5%

Aliter :  Interest rate = (350/8400) × (12/10) × 100 = 5%    


21. A man deposited Rs 1.0 lakh in his bank account and earned a profit of 

Rs 25000 @ 5% simple interest per annum. Find out the time period for which the

money deposited by the man remained in the bank. 

1. 3 years    2. 5 years    3. 4 years    4. 7 years

One year interest for 1 lakh = 100000 × (5 / 100) = 5000

Time = 25000 / 5000 = 5 years     Ans. 2.


22. Find the simple interest on Rs. 6,750 for 219  days at 10% per annum.

(a)205         (b)305               (c)405               (d)415

= 10/100 × 219/365 × 6750 = 110 × 35 × 6750 = 3 × 135 = 405

(Since interest for 100 for 365 days is 10,
interest for 100 for 219 days is 10/100 × 219/365)

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